Dry cooling tower کولینگ تاور مدار بسته

Dry cooling tower

Dry Cooling Tower ( Dry Cooling Tower ) is a type of cooling tower with a water circulation system in a closed circuit in which the flowing water in the cycle of this cooling model flows inside a coil (indirect contact surface) and cools in contact with air flow . A dry cooling system is a type of CCTV cooling tower in which the contact between the weather takes place in an indirect circuit.

Is a dry cooling tower suitable for all areas?

In answer to this question, we must say yes, but this equipment is very suitable for desert, dry and cold areas, because this device, unlike the wet cooling tower, will not consume water and also lowering the temperature will increase its efficiency. Areas such as Urmia, Tabriz, Shiraz, Mashhad and other cold and temperate cities of the country are very suitable for this model of cooling system in their equipment. Even in areas such as Yazd, Kerman and Isfahan, which are facing the problem of dehydration and dehydration, dry cooling towers are a good option for cooling industrial cycles.

Dry cooling tower or air condenser ????????

In answer to this key question we must ask both of these words actually have the same meaning. Dry cooling works very much like a heat exchanger ( Heat Exchanger ) between the weather, which is why this device is also called an air condenser ( Air Condenser ). In simpler terms, a dry cooling tower or air-cooled condenser consists of a coil and an aeration system that is used to reduce the temperature of hot water to close to the dry temperature of the environment.

Comparison of dry and wet cooling towers :

• Dry CCTV towers actually reduce the water consumption of refrigeration systems and are very suitable for places where water supply is difficult. In a wet cooling water in direct contact with the air in the levels of cooling or filling the heat loses and while in Dry coolers flow of water in a closed cycle ( Close Circuit ) in contact with the air flow induction technology Is located and in contact with the induced current, the fan loses heat and the temperature decreases.
• The performance of a dry or closed cooling tower depends on the dry or tangible ambient temperature ( Dry Bulb Temperature ), while a wet queen tower depends on the humid ambient temperature ( Wet Bulb Temperature ). In hot seasons, such as summer, the cold water outlet temperature of the dry CCTV cooling tower increases and does not have the previous cooling, and this causes some designs to use a combination of CCTV and open circuit cooling tower together, in which case This device is also called a hybrid cooling tower .

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The most visited content of Damagostar site: cooling tower calculations

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How the dry cooling tower works

In a cooling tower circuit or the so-called cooling tower dry, water flows through a coil ( Coil ) or cross-section of capillary tubes and thin, and the air flow is also in contact with the outer surface of the coil is located and it also absorbs thermal energy from It becomes water.

It is better to use the coil in the design of closed tower cooling inside the dry cooling tower.

The coil in a dry cooler actually acts like the cooling surfaces or packing media in a wet system. Coil is a network of fin tubes ( Fin Tubes ) or without fin, which generally has pipes of metal materials with high heat transfer coefficient such as copper, aluminum and steel. In a dry cooling tower, this network of narrow pipes (coils) is responsible for creating the surface of thermal penetration ( Conductivity ). The coil interface wall in a dry cooling tower closes the cycle and indirect contact of two weather fluids.

Is the presence of a fan in the design of the coil in the dry CCTV cooling tower mandatory ??

The fins used on the outer surface of the coil in the dry cooling tower are generally made of easy-forming aluminum material with the aim of creating a higher heat transfer surface. The special surface of the coil as well as the density of the fin in the coil will increase the refrigeration capacity of the cooling system. Correct calculation of the specific surface area of ​​the tube and fin in the CCTV coil is one of the basic parameters in how the dry cooler works.

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The main components of a dry cooling tower

CCTV towers generally have three main parts. The body and support structure, condenser coil and aeration system including impeller and electric motor are the main parts of dry cooling tower .

1. Body ( body and Frame ): The body of the structure, the main storage device and includes different sections, including the Louvre ( Louver ) or shutters air intake, fan stack or deck Fan ( Fan Deck ), pan ( Basin ) and panel ( Panel ) Or the wall and chassis holding the coil. In some examples of dry cooling tower (galvanized CCTV tower), a simple chassis is generally used to hold the coil, and equipment such as a pan or fan stack is no longer used. Temperature Company offers the highest quality air coolers and dry cooling towers by offering fiberglass body.

The new generation of dry cooling towers with fiberglass body actually has a very high resistance to sunlight and also a very high resistance to ambient humidity. Also, replacing fiberglass with galvanized will increase the body's resistance to decay and corrosion. Weight loss and easy portability and maintenance are other advantages of fiberglass body of dry cooling towers produced by Damagostar company.

2- Coil : This part is the most important part in the CCTV system in the dry cooler and the purpose of the coil in the CCTV tower cooling is actually to create the penetration level of heat transfer (like cooling tower packing). In order to increase the efficiency of the CCTV cooling tower, the most important part is the selection of components in this section. In fact, the nature of the coil, the number of rows of coils, the density of the fin and the number of pipes per row have a significant effect on the efficiency of the cooling tower.

3. Air Flow System : Air flow system plays an important role in heat transfer and heating energy. This part includes fan or impeller , electric motor and power transmission system. Creating induced flow in air and contact of this air with the surface The coil wall is the most important act in heat transfer, so adjusting the aeration rate will have a significant effect on the capacity of the dry cooling tower.The impeller diameter, the number of fan blades and the impeller circumference are the most important factors influencing the aeration rate.

Different parts of aeration system in dry cooling tower:

A) Fan or impeller: This part actually provides relative pressure in the surrounding air and as a result causes air displacement (induction current).

B) Motor: This part provides mechanical energy to provide the required torque of the fan rotation in the cooling tower.

C) Transmission or speed reduction system: This part actually reduces the output speed of the electric motor to the standard size of the fan speed in the cooling tower and is known as the cooling tower speed reduction system .

The best-selling product of Damagester Company: cooling tower

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Advantages of dry cooling tower

• Maintenance and use of this equipment is very cost-effective and low cost (without water consumption)
• No environmental pollution, including increasing humidity, reducing the amount of water in aquifers (due to the lack of compensatory water)
• No sedimentation and water pollution problems in the condenser and no need to scale the condenser pipes periodically
• Ability to control the amount of electricity consumption in the aeration and ventilation sector (reducing electricity costs in cold seasons)
• Easy to carry and move due to lack of circulation of large volumes of water in the CCTV cycle
•  Easy maintenance due to no deposits, corrosion and rot
•  Dual-purpose usability (both cooling and heating)

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Disadvantages of dry cooling tower

• Increase of cold water outlet temperature in hot seasons (due to noticeable increase of ambient temperature)

• Poor performance in hot seasons in hot and dry areas in water cooling (low efficiency)

• High initial cost for coil use (economic inefficiency)

• Lower efficiency than wet cooling tower

• High sensitivity during installation

• Requires ancillary equipment such as expansion source, drain source and suction pump for dewatering and draining cold water in closed circuit

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Important Note: According to the mentioned cases, it is recommended to use the hybrid cooling tower system in case of compensatory water shortage.

Types of dry cooling towers

Dry Cooling Tower Cooling is divided into different categories in terms of condenser body material and coil pipe material. CCTV cooling is produced and supplied in two general types of metal body and composite body in terms of body material. Dry fiberglass cooling tower is actually produced only in the cubic type and the reason for this is the cubic structure of the coil structure. Dry cooling tower with fiberglass body has more resistance to environmental damage than galvanized cooling.

Be careful in choosing the coil material in the design of the dry cooling tower.

Dry cooling coils are produced and supplied in various materials such as copper, 304 steel, 316 steel, stainless steel, carbon steel, API steel and seamless manganese pipe. According to the fluid conditions, ie the amount of corrosion, solutes in the fluid and other parameters, coils of different materials are also recommended in the design of the CCTV system. For example, for cooling soft water, the best option in all types of dry cooling towers is copper coil with high conductivity, while for cooling acid or acidic fluids, the best option is SS316 steel coil . Of course, for high hardness waters (with salt), SS304 is the best option for steel coil material .

The most cost-effective choice of coils in the dry cooling tower

The most suitable coil type in terms of initial price for cooling water is galvanized coil (seamless and seamed). Due to the low thermal penetration coefficient of this metal, coils with this type of metal are generally used in large quantities of galvanized pipes in the design of CCTV cooling towers. Seamless pipe type is used when the pressure of the circulating water flow in the closed cycle is more than 3 times.

 Dry cooling tower price

CCTV cooling towers are much more expensive than open or wet cooling tower types. The price of this closed cooler model depends on several factors such as refrigeration capacity, coil material and body material. Therefore, numerous and innumerable parameters will be effective in determining the price. The highest price of dry or closed cooling tower belongs to SS316 stainless steel coil cooling system. The design of dry cooling tower with copper coil is in the next category in terms of final price, but on the other hand, due to its high thermal penetration coefficient and reasonable price, this equipment is one of the best-selling products of the cooling tower.

Factors affecting the price of cooling towers

Hans coil used in closed loop in CCTV tower

Tube thickness

Pipe diameter and pipe area used (Tube OD)

Fin thickness

The main chassis material of the coil and the material used in the tube sheets

Thickness of body and main structure of fiberglass or sheet steel

The electric motor power of the aeration system as well as the type of impeller used in this section

In fact, the above factors are the basic parameters for determining the price rate in a dry cooling tower. In the coil will have a significant impact on the final price of the dry cooling tower.

Price fluctuations in the raw materials market = instability of the cooling tower price

The price of dry cooling tower will fluctuate constantly due to the constant fluctuations of the copper, steel market, as well as the fibers and resins used in the fiberglass body. The production unit of Damagostar Company is exempted from providing the cooling tower price list for the above-mentioned reasons. It is suggested to contact the company's experts in order to estimate the exact price of such industrial coolers, and after designing and calculating the special surface of the coil and the refrigeration capacity of this device, receive the estimated price in written and oral form.

Install the cooling tower نصب برج خنک کننده

Install the cooling tower

Installation of cooling tower is a set of operations to use the cooling tower, which includes four parts: assembly, cabling, piping and foundation. The cooling tower installation operation usually deals with various parts of engineering facilities. The installation of a cooling tower or cooling tower must be done in several steps and in compliance with the relevant standard principles. Observing the installation principles will lead to the correct use of the cooling tower with the highest level of efficiency. The basic and important principles of installation of any equipment are provided by the manufacturer. Many authorities have developed relevant standards for engineers in different communities regarding installation requirements. ASHRAE-ASME-CTI-DNI standards are one of the most important standards references related to cooling tower installation. Companies specializing in the installation of cooling towers And other refrigeration equipment must operate with the efficiency of fluid engineering, electrical, civil and mechanical knowledge.

Benefits of installing a cooling tower correctly

The effect of a successful installation in the cooling system of industrial equipment or chiller can cause the optimal operation of the system for many years. In fact, observing the standard principles in the use and commissioning of any industrial or refrigeration equipment will lead to better operation of the equipment. Failure to observe the principles of engineering in the starter and using the cooling tower can reduce the useful life, reduce efficiency and increase energy consumption of this device. In many cases, the buyer installs this equipment after the purchase and selection process of the cooling tower, regardless of the basic conditions. In most cases, this will cause irreparable damage to the water cooling system in the near future. In fact, the lack of technical knowledge in the installation can disrupt the overall performance of the system. In this article, we will briefly mention the basic principles of installing a cooling tower .

The most important principles in the operation of installing a cooling tower

• A) Determining the best location for the cooling tower (cooling tower location)

• B) Observing the principles related to the arrangement and correct placement of the cooling tower with ancillary equipment

• C) Installation of necessary control and protection equipment in the control panel of the electric motor, fan and circulator pump

• D) Proper implementation of plumbing in accordance with ASME and DNI standards

• E) Installation and accessories in the piping circuit including flanges, collectors, shock absorbers and support of side valve pipes

Determining the location and installation of the cooling tower 

The location of the cooling tower must have two basic conditions. The first condition for the location of this device is to have enough free space around the tower to create a proper air flow. The second condition is to observe the distance between the cooling tower and other obstacles in order to prevent bypassing the outlet air to the inlet. The best place to install any chiller cooling tower is on the roof of the building, which provides two very important conditions for the tower to function properly. The roof of the building is the best option for the operation of the cooling tower due to its height from the engine room and having free space. In industrial use , fiberglass cooling tower is also the best place to install this device on the roof of the shed or the roof of the baby shed. The most important point in determining the location of the cooling tower is that this equipment is located in the open air.

In addition to the location, observing the distance between the installation location of the cooling tower and other equipment and buildings is also of great importance. Towers should have a sufficient free distance from walls and other surrounding obstacles. Observing the distance of the cooling tower in the vicinity of other obstacles prevents the recirculated air from returning to the inlet air section. If there are several cooling tower devices, the distance and proximity of the devices should be designed to prevent the evacuation air of a tower from entering the adjacent tower. Certainly the roof of a building that does not have any obstacles can not lead to recycling as long as it does not even have an aesthetic protection. The following figure shows the location of the condenser pump and piping. The location and installation of the tower should be such as to prevent the recirculation of the tower air flow.

Standard intervals of cooling tower installation location

Building walls, lattice or column walls, trees, etc. can create obstacles to proper air circulation if the tower is close to them. The provided distances to the installation location of the cooling tower from other obstacles and equipment are usually as suggested. It is sometimes very difficult to ensure that all distances are observed in determining the location of the cooling tower. Therefore, it is recommended that you consider the specified and suggested distances as much as possible in determining the installation location. All the items mentioned in the standard intervals of the cooling tower installation location can be seen in the image below.

Suggested distance from cooling tower to high walls = half wall height

Suggested distance from the cooling tower installation site to the trees or lattice wall = width of the cooling tower

Cooling tower height considering foundation height = height of nearby obstacles such as lattice wall

The cooling tower must be at least 30 feet (9 meters) from the adjacent building walls. The taller the building, the more obstacles there are. Therefore, the retreat of the tower should be increased to at least half the height of the building to prevent the circulation or re-entry of the evacuated air stream. Cooling towers are not very beautiful, so architects use lattice walls (wooden, masonry) around the tower. In addition to separating the cooling tower from the roof environment, the lattice wall prevents water droplets from entering the environment.

Popular content: Louvre or cooling tower inlet

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Design of guard structure around the cooling tower installation site

• The lattice walls must provide at least 50% free space at the entrance to the Louvre cooling tower.

• The allowable velocity of air passing through the retaining walls or protective wall must be less than 600 feet per minute.

• The height of the lattice wall or obstacles near the cooling tower should not be higher than the final height of the fan stack or saturated air outlet.

 Execution of the foundation of the cooling tower installation site

The foundation of the location and installation of the cooling tower must be designed in accordance with the standard installation conditions. The most important basic principles in the design of the foundation of the cooling tower installation site are as follows:

• The foundation of the installation site must be completely level and horizontal.

• The foundation of the device can be an all-iron structure or an all-concrete level surface with an iron chassis.

• The main loads of the structure must be restrained by four plates into the reinforced concrete.

• The distance between the plates installed in the metal or concrete structure must be designed according to the drawing of the production device.

• In order to control the vibration of the device, it is recommended to use mechanical shock absorbers (spring or plastic) in different places.

• If you are constructing a metal structure for the foundation of the location, be sure to use the necessary braces to distribute the weight of the cooling tower.

• The minimum height of the metal or concrete structure of the foundation where the cooling tower is located should be designed 50 cm above the ground.

Principles of cooling tower piping operations

• Placement of cold water circulator pump after pan or cold water storage tank with a short distance

• The position of the circulator pump should always be below the level of the pan outlet flange (this will prevent cavitation or corrosion of the pump fan blades).

• Install the one-way valve at the suction or suction point of the pump

• Install the circulating water flow regulating valve after the discharge point or pump blow

• Use all-flange fittings instead of welded plumbing

• Application of seismic connections in flange points of piping in order to damp the shocks caused by water circulation by the pump

• Use of elastomeric insulation or fiberglass insulation suitable to prevent the pipes from freezing in winter

• Use of maintenance supports to adjust water transmission lines in the condenser cycle

• Design of circulator pump with suitable head for rotating standard water level

• Cooling tower outlet piping should be directed downwards to the circulator pump

• The size of the piping should be designed according to the outlet flange of the cooling tower pan

• If two cooling tower devices are installed simultaneously with one pump, both devices must be in the same level.

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Standard water inlet to the cooling tower

The water entering the cooling tower or cooling tower must always be of the required quality. In open or wet tower systems where water is constantly evaporating, care must be taken that the injected compensatory water must be hardened. The amount of solutes present in the compensatory water (TDS) should always be considered less than 300 ppm. The higher the amount of compensatory water entering the cooling tower, the less sediment and clogging will be. In fact, the service life of sediment in clean water is much longer than when the incoming water is of lower quality. Increasing the quality of incoming water can be done in many ways. Ion exchange methods, reverse osmosis and micron and sand filtration are the most common compensatory water treatment systems.

Reverse osmosis method uses large and small water purifiers to supply soft water into the cooling tower. Of course, it should be noted that this method is often not common in most industries and air conditioning systems due to high maintenance costs. The main alternative to desalination is the use of resin and magnetic hardeners. Permissible hardness of water in the cooling tower circulation should not be considered more than 350ppm. As you know, the total hardness of TH is the sum of two metal cations, calcium and magnesium. In the ion exchange method by targeting these two heavy metal cations and replacing them with light sodium ions; Water becomes very soft and quality. Of course, the standard amount of water entering the industrial cooling tower varies according to the type of use of the device.

Cooling tower dropper قطره گیر برج خنک کننده

Cooling tower dropper

: 4.5 out of 5

The Drift Eliminator is a trap for trapping water droplets sucked into the air outlet in the cooling tower. The main function of this section is to prevent water droplets from drifting or falling towards the impeller Is a fan). In fact, the word Drift Eliminator in English consists of two main parts. The first part of the word (Drift) means throwing small drops of water from the outlet of the cooling tower nozzle towards the fan and the second part of the word (Eliminator) means the eliminator.

Types of applications for drippers or drippers (eliminator)

In addition to being used in cooling towers, drippers are also used in a variety of air washers and evaporative condensers. Due to its protective role, it is considered as one of the most important parts of the cooling tower . Takes. In order to increase the efficiency of the dripper, in some cases, two or more layers of drippers are generally used to prevent water droplets from escaping.

The standard height of the drippers used in the cooling tower and air washer varies between 13 to 20 cm and varies according to the type of dripper (honeycomb or blade). The amount of water droplets or droplets thrown towards the impeller is not more important in terms of energy consumption (water consumption), but the use of the eliminator in the air outlet in devices that deal with water spraying (such as cooling towers) has a greater protective role of parts. It is responsible for being in contact with the exhaust air. Some of these components include the engine, fan or impeller of the cooling tower and the transmission system.

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How the cooling tower dripper works

When the fan in the cooling tower sucks the air flow upwards with a certain pressure from the Louvre (air inlet shutter), a small rate of droplet outlet of the cooling tower nozzle nozzle is due to the suction force of the impeller. It is directed to the fan deck output. These droplets of water lose their force (trapped induction suction force) in the collision with the plates and dripping blades of the cooling tower and return to the bottom (packing media) due to their gravitational force. Simply put, the cooling tower drip trap is a kind of trap in the path of water droplets sucked towards the impeller, which prevents the exit of these small and macroscopic water droplets (Drift).

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Application and location of cooling tower dripper

Drippers or drippers are used in various types of cubic and conical cooling towers (open circuit) as well as in different capacities of hybrid CCTV cooling towers. In addition to the cooling tower, this equipment is also used in various types of air washers, and its purpose is to prevent droplets and water vapor from passing out of the device, and by creating a contact surface, it causes condensation or dew of some of the droplets and existing moisture. It circulates in the air and hence it is also called dewdrop. The importance of the drip trap is more due to the direct effect of this part on the water consumption of the cooling tower and air washer. Incidentally, in order to reduce the amount of water consumption in the calculations of the cooling tower, the use of drip traps or dew traps is highly recommended.

In the cubic cooling tower, the location of the dropper is located at the top of the nozzle (nozzle) and before the fan or fan section. The droplets coming out of the nozzle in the cubic cooling tower are returned downwards by the dropper. In a conical cooling tower, a dripper or eliminator is connected to the top of the sprinkler or water dispenser outlet pipes on the pipe by a clamp, and water droplets and vapors from the holes of the rotating water spray system after hitting this type of drop. The traps are deflected downwards. In common parlance, a conical or circular cooling tower drip is also abbreviated as an eliminator.

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Cooling tower drip material

Cubic cooling tower drippers are produced and supplied in two types of honeycomb or cellular and blade type. Due to the constant contact of the cooling tower drip or dew trap with the humid air flow and water droplets, this equipment is generally made of polymeric materials. The main material of the cooling tower dripper is generally either PVC (polyvinyl chloride) or in some species PP (polypropylene) material is used in the production and design of the dripper.

Eliminators or conical cooling tower drippers are also generally made of PP and fiberglass FRP. All three materials, PVC, PP and FRP, have good resistance to sediment, corrosion and rot against water, and in fact, the main reason for choosing these three grades of materials in the construction of cooling tower drippers is the above reasons.

Blade and honeycomb drippers are produced by extruder (continuous injection and forming) and then assembled by special granule adhesive and spacer (filling distance). Blade drippers are extruded to specific lengths and then placed side by side between 10 and 12 fillers. The width created by each complete drip set is equal to the width of the 33 cm blades, which are coiled together as male and female. The injection of blade-shaped blades of blade drippers is adjusted to a thickness of 500 to 800 microns, and the produced sheets are produced and supplied as single-chamber and double-chambered.

Granular grade used in blade drippers made of polypropylene grade copolymer material with the highest percentage of transparency and impact, which at a temperature between 150 to 200 degrees under the process of melting and forming sinusoidal sheets. The grade of granulation used in the injection of drip-shaped block molds of honeycomb is of different grades in black, gray and white colors. Lighter draft grades have more flexibility and resistance than dark grades.

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Advantages of using a drip trap in a cooling tower

• Prevent excessive consumption of water by drift or dropping drops in the drip trap

• Prevent droplets from entering the fan and damaging the impeller, motor and cooling tower aeration system

• Increase the service life of aeration system components by reducing the amount of drift in the cooling tower

• Reduce the amount of TDS by reducing the amount of water thrown in the cooling tower

• No sedimentation and corrosion against water and moisture in the air

• High resistance to sunburn and UV radiation in polypropylene grade

• High resistance to acid leaching and acid vapors in the air (scrubber)

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Types of cooling tower drippers

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1- Cooling tower honeycomb drip catcher:

This drip model is used in all types of open circuit cooling towers and closed circuit cooling towers  and is in fact the most widely used type. The name of the honeycomb drip extractor is derived from the appearance and regular hexagonal geometric shape (similar to a honeycomb) of this equipment. Honeycomb drip extractors are generally produced from PVC sheets with a thickness of 500 to 800 microns. These polyvinyl chloride sheets are bonded together by special granular adhesives in the molding machine. In fact, the honeycomb dripper has a very high efficiency in preventing drift in the cooling tower due to its network structure. The passage of water droplets after using the eliminator is about 0.002% of the total water droplets. 

This model of cooling tower shock absorbers is used in various types of cubic and even conical cooling towers due to its high efficiency. In circular or cylindrical cooling towers, the cut view of cellular drip blocks is used for arrangement near the fan section. To maintain the dripper in this case, restrained supports are used on the body (panel).

In some cases, half of the dripper is used in the Louvre of the cooling tower, in which case due to direct sunlight, after a short time, the PVC material will be crushed and the dripper used in the Louvre of the cooling tower will be destroyed. Went. Therefore, it is strongly recommended not to use pivot-type louvers (honeycomb) in the cooling towers of the opposite current and cross current. Instead of using honeycomb louvers, use a variety of fiberglass blades in the cooling tower.

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Types of Honeycomb Drip Cooling Tower

Honeycomb drippers can be produced and supplied in three different grades of PVC material. Based on the percentage of polyurethane used in the raw material granules, the production structure of this equipment is presented in three grades: white, gray and black. Nesting drip traps are generally produced and supplied in 30 cm and 60 cm width and 13 cm in height in block form.

Technical specifications of cooling tower honeycomb drippers:

Sheet thickness: between 400 to 800 microns

Block dimensions: 120 by 30 cm at a height of 13 cm

Material used: PVC granules (polyvinyl chloride)

Usage: Cooling tower - Air washer - Evaporative condenser - Inlet air filter (Louvre)

Step or distance between both ups and downs in cell structure: 19 mm

Grade 3 cooling tower nest drip trap:

The black grade of the cooling tower nest drip trap is actually produced from the mill of raw granule raw materials without the use of a percentage of polyurethane. This grade of products is actually very brittle, and also has a low temperature resistance to heat. Drip black grid is commonly used in environments without direct sunlight and in simple applications in all types of open circuit cooling.

Grade 2 cooling tower nest drip trap:

Gray Drip Gray Drip Cooling Tower Cooler actually contains 20% of polyurethane material mixed in granules. This drip trap is more flexible compared to Grade 3 and the temperature tolerance of this equipment is 55 to 60 degrees Celsius. Grade Tooth cooler's drip trap drip also has a very high resistance to direct UV (sunlight) radiation due to its Unti UV material. This drip model is used in all types of open circuit and hybrid cooling towers.

Grade 1 Cooling Tower Drip Clamp:

The cooling grade of the cooling tower nest drip tray contains 60% polyurethane. This model actually has a lot of flexibility and longevity compared to the two grades of gray and black. Grade 1 nest retarder has a cellular structure.

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2- Cooling tower blade dripper:

What Khgyr blade (Blade Type Eleminator) each of Brjkhnkknndh Shbnmgyr is that most of the material PP (polypropylene) is produced. This dewatering model has a blade-shaped structure that is connected to each other by a spacer. The cooling tower blade dripper has a height of 15 cm compared to the cellular or nesting type and requires more space during installation in the cooling tower.

Cooling tower blade dripper has a droplet permeability of up to 0.005 %, so it has a lower efficiency than nest dripper, but it is generally produced and designed from PP or polypropylene, so it has a higher thermal resistance than PVC dewatering types. Also, the nesting model has acid washing and descaling capability due to its high chemical resistance, which means that in each period of repairs and inspections by acid washing, it can remove all the sediment created by the flow of water and air humidity.

The spacer is actually the creator who creates the distance between the drip blades or the eliminator, which is why this equipment is also called the filling space. The distance between the fillers used in the drip trap is generally made of polypropylene or PP material by plastic injection method by devices under 200 g. The produced spacers are coiled together as male and female and are placed next to each other in 10 -11 and 12-type types. The function of the spacer is to create a standard distance between the two drip blades in the cooling tower or air washer.

Types of cooling tower blade drippers

• Single-bladed blade dripper

This drip model is mostly used in all types of reverse flow cubic cooling towers and has a height equal to 15 cm and has many applications in catching water droplets at the fan outlet. This drip model is placed horizontally on the pipe and fittings of the water spray section. Single-bladed blade drippers generally have a cross-section in the shape of a mountain or hump, which is why this equipment is named.

• Dual-bladed blade dripper

This model is an eliminator or drip in the form of English letters W and has two protrusions in its cross section. This model of dripper is mostly used in all types of air washers and evaporative condensers installed vertically. The production material of this equipment is R-grade polypropylene, which is available in blue and white colors.

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3- Cooling tower fiberglass eliminator

The cooling tower eliminator is a type of drip trap in the cooling tower that is responsible for preventing the droplets from coming out of the sprinkler or water dispenser pipes in the conical cooling tower. The finisher is usually known as the fin eliminator because of its fin-shaped appearance.

These eliminators are only used in the conical cooling tower. The eliminator is mounted on top of the sprinkler outlet pipes and is connected to the outlet pipe by a clamp. Cooling tower eliminators are generally made of FRP fiberglass or PP polypropylene.

The thickness of the eliminator or drip blades of a conical cooling tower is between 600 and 800 microns. This type can be installed as a blade with a width of 15 to 25 cm on sprinkler outlet pipes with a capacity of 30 tons to 1250 tons of refrigeration. Drift output decreases to less than 0.008 % of water droplets with the addition of the eliminator.

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Price of cooling tower dripper

The price of a dropper varies depending on the volume and amount of purchase. The price of a dripper in a cooling tower varies depending on the type (blade or honeycomb) as well as the type of material used. The price of a blade dewater is higher than the price of a honeycomb in a cooling tower. The material used in the blade model (PP) has caused a price difference between the honeycomb model and the blade in the cooling tower. The exact cost estimate of this equipment can be changed according to the following factors.

• A) The type of dew trap has the greatest impact on the price of this equipment in the cooling tower ++.
• B) Material and material is also considered as the most influential item in the final estimate of the price of the cooling tower dripper.
• C) Thickness and weight can also have a significant effect on the price of this product.
• D) The daily price of the raw material of granules and polypropylene or fibers and resin (in the cooling tower eliminator) will naturally increase and decrease the price.

*** Therefore, determining the daily price of a cooling tower drip depends on several factors, so it is recommended to contact the experts of Dama Gostar Company for a detailed review . The experts of Dama Gostar Company will answer your inquiry online, dear buyer.

air conditioner کنداسور هوایی

Air condenser or air conditioner

Air Condenser or Cool Air Condenser is a type of dry cooling tower (Dry Cooling Tower) which is also referred to in English as Air Cooler and Dry Cooler. An air-cooled condenser is actually a type of water- cooled cooling tower that is commonly used in low-capacity refrigeration units due to its contact with dry air.

Due to the contact of water with the dry air flow of the outside environment, the air condenser reduces the water temperature to near the dry temperature of the environment, and this is the main reason for naming this equipment with the names of dry cooling tower and air conditioner. The fact that the air condenser reduces the temperature of the fluid to the dry temperature of the environment in some cases causes the use of this equipment to be limited in hot seasons. Also, in some climates where the weather in the region is hot and dry due to its proximity to the equator or mountainous conditions, the air condenser efficiency decreases. Observing the basic points in buying a condenser and choosing the best place to install the air conditioner are the most important factors in improving the performance of this device.

Why an air condenser?

In answer to this question, it should be stated that the reason for using air condensers or air conditioner valves is the impossibility of using water condensers in humid and sultry areas. Simply put, in areas where the relative humidity, ambient temperature (relative humidity) is above 80%, the dry environment temperature (Dry Bulb) and the ambient temperature (Wet Bulb) will generally be the same, and the use of water condensers that are not highly dependent on increasing humidity in the environment is practically possible.

In such areas, due to the better performance of air condensers or air conditioners, this equipment is used as the main source of water cooling. The dry or tangible temperature of humid areas is generally lower than that of dry areas due to the high relative humidity of the climate, which adds to the importance of using a dry cooling tower or air condenser.

Main components of air condenser:

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1- Maintenance structure and main frame:

This section includes chassis columns made of studs or cans in different sizes on which the coil and other equipment are placed.

2- Panel sheets and side walls:

This part is riveted and connected after placing the fin coil to form a frame for the passage of air flow on the 4 sides of the air condenser.

3- Finned and non-finned coil for heat energy exchange:

This section consists of a large number of copper pipes enclosed in dense aluminum plates (fin), which is the most important part in heat exchange in the air condenser.

4- Suction fan or impeller:

An air condenser is an air-to-air heat exchanger that reduces the temperature of the fluid or refrigerant inside it and is responsible for creating air flow inside the condenser and on the coil surface of the impeller or fans installed on the device.

5- Remote reduction or power transmission system:

High-capacity cool air condensers generally have large fans, and such fans require less rotational speed, which is why belt, pulley, and gearbox reduction systems are available for this purpose. Coolers are used.

6- Engine or mechanical energy generator:

The energy required to rotate the fan and create negative pressure in the fan is provided by the electric motor, and in fact the most important part of the work entering the condenser is done through this and the power consumption of air condensers is taken from this part.

7- Protective control panel and air condenser control equipment:

In order to regulate the amount of energy consumption and control of electrical equipment (motor), protective and control equipment is used in the control panel.

8. Fan Guard nets:

Networks in the upper or lower part of the fan To prevent foreign objects from entering the fan section, this part is used as a fan guard or butterfly protector.

9-Flange and main collector of inlet and outlet of fluid or refrigerant:

This section is used to connect fluid or refrigerant piping to the condenser, which can be used as a gear head, flange or venturi depending on the type of performance or application.

10-Log lifting or loading hooks on both sides of the device:

This section consists of hooks to facilitate the loading process which is more used in high capacity air condensers.

11-Steam trap:

This part is mostly used in various types of steam condensers, the purpose of this part is to prevent steam from leaving the water outlet.

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How is the capacity of an air condenser calculated?

The capacity of the condenser and cooling tower or dry cooling tower is a function of the amount of heat transfer surface of the condenser and the family of air cooler fans or fans. The more surface energy transfer pipes (coils) are used in the condenser, the more the air cooler or drive cooler will have the capacity to reduce the temperature, and the heat transfer from the water to the outside environment will be better and faster.

Therefore, high-capacity cooling units require a higher level of pipes (larger coil area) and a higher level of ventilation, which in most cases we have to use two or more coil circuits and a large number of impellers in the design of air conditioner or air conditioner. In order to calculate the capacity of the cooling air condenser, the formulas used in the cooling tower section can also be used. In the cooling tower calculation section , you can use the equations necessary to calculate the capacitor capacity.

Which model of fan is more suitable for air cooling systems?

The fan or impeller in air condensers is often of the axial flow type, which is relatively more efficient than the centrifugal or helical centrifugal model impellers. Axial or axial fans used in air condensers may produce a lot of noise if the design principles and standards are not followed. The permissible sound level for axial suction or blower fans or impellers in air condensers is set between 70 and 75 decibels in the design. In order to reduce the noise produced by the air condenser, inverter drive systems are generally used to reduce the fan speed to the nominal and standard speed.

However, apart from the discussion of noise generation, which can be solved by a series of design principles used in the axial impeller, the air conditioner has many advantages over other condensers using the axial aeration system (with axial fan) compared to other condensers. We pay:

Application of control systems in air condenser or air conditioner

The use of variable speed control systems, or VFD control, in addition to reducing the noise generated by the condenser, drastically reduces power consumption in cold and temperate seasons. In fact, in cold seasons, the use of inverter system reduces the flow of air through the cross section of the condenser pipes, which will be compensated by reducing the ambient air temperature, and the effect of this function on the fluid outlet temperature of the cold air condenser is negligible. is.

In special situations where the issue of noise is very important, screw fans can be used to cool the water inside the air condenser. For example, in many units of integrated condenser chillers (single-piece) that are installed near the housing, the condensers have centrifugal screw fans.

Advantages of using an air condenser or dry cooler over an open (wet) cooling tower

• No need to consume water and provide water compensation such as a wet cooling tower
• Freezing of water within the circulating cycle of air-cooled condensers will be much less than evaporative and wet condensers.
• Sedimentation is much less frequent inside the water cycle.
• No need to harden the circulating water due to the closure of the water flow circuit inside the condenser and the coolant
• No need to provide peripheral equipment, including high pressure pumps, water reservoirs and earth dams
• Ability to install outdoors and split the cooling unit to prevent vibration and noise from entering the space
• Lower installation cost than evaporative condensers and wet or open condensers (cooler tower)
• Reduce energy costs in humid and humid areas

Disadvantages of air condenser or air conditioner

• Decreased efficiency due to sunlight
• Increase fluid temperature and decrease efficiency in hot seasons
• Lack of ideal use in hot and dry areas and close to the equator
• Requires control equipment and high cost

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Air condenser price or cooler price

The price of air-cooled condenser will depend on the type of use for refrigerant or water-vapor cooling, the cooling capacity of the condenser (based on the refrigeration tone) or depending on the type of material used in the production of this equipment. Cool air condensers are more expensive than other types of air conditioner valves or air condensers due to their high importance in the category of peripheral equipment. Generally, steam air condensers are produced from all-steel coil equipment, which will increase the cost of this device due to the high price of steel pipes and fittings. Briefly, the main factors affecting the price of air condenser are as follows.

• The type of fluid cooled in the condenser
• Material used in the coil
• Coil type (with or without fan)
• Refrigeration capacity or cooling of air condenser
• Number of fans used in the condenser
• Type of control system and optional ancillary equipment used to control energy consumption
• Other factors such as flow fluid flow conditions, installation conditions, type of chassis material, etc.

سازندگان برج خنک کننده Cooling tower builders

Manufacturers of cooling towers are naturally responsible for the construction and production of cooling towers and the main concern of this class is to improve the quality of cooling towers . To produce and supply with the latest and highest quality. The process of manufacturing and manufacturing industrial cooling products such as cooling towers is not possible except by relying on the knowledge of fluid engineering, chemical engineering and electrical engineering.

The daily advancement of engineering knowledge in the field of cooling and heating installations has caused the manufacturers of cooling towers to seek to upgrade and optimize their products. Manufacturers of cooling towers in order to advance their goals in production and construction today with the participation of academic and engineering knowledge and also with the cooperation of consulting companies such as Sazeh Company are looking for solutions to improve the quality, automation of production and energy efficiency of their products.

The builders of cooling towers around the world have always gathered annually and monthly in different seasons, and with their consensus and mental participation, they have created new and dynamic ideas in the cooling and power production industry. The world's leading manufacturers of cooling towers are Evapco-Marely-CTS-CTI-EBARA-SPX-Paharpour, which are pioneers in the field of science production in the global refrigeration industry. In fact, it depends on the field of activity of the world's reputable companies in the field of construction and production of cooling towers. This equipment is offered in the form of international (international) production and domestic production and production.

Learn more: Cooling tower

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International cooling tower builders

• Marely:

Marley America is a leader in the manufacturing industry of cooling towers and accessories. The company has been operating in the United States since 1970, and today one of its most prestigious products, the two-cell cooling tower, nicknamed the Marley Design, is being designed and manufactured around the world.

• CTI:

The largest manufacturer of cooling towers in the world is CTI Company, which provides global and international standards to other countries and manufacturers of this product in the production and construction of cooling towers. Today, many manufacturers of cooling towers are seeking to obtain a valid production license certificate from CTI in the field of cooling tower, and so far 4 companies in Iran have succeeded in obtaining this license in their products.

• EVAPCO:

Oapco is of American origin and has been operating in the North American continent since 1976. It is now the father of the world's air conditioning industry and is one of the world's leading manufacturers of galvanized cooling towers. Today, OPEC, with more than 56 branches in various countries, is the largest producer and exporter of cooling towers.

• EBARA:

The company is headquartered in Central Asia and has started operations in Japan for the first time. The most famous reason for the reputation of this reputable brand is the production of cooling towers for the production of one of the most common and best examples of cross-flowing cross-flowing coolers called crossovers or Abara cooling towers. This special model of various types of cross-flow coolers with the highest production and manufacturing circulation has been offered in this company.

• LENGTH:

The company is of American nature and manufactures, designs, manufactures and supplies a variety of industrial cooling towers in the oil-rich Gulf states, including Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Egypt and Qatar, which has been in operation since 1995. In 2008 he moved to the United Arab Emirates.

• DELTA COOLING:

The company, like many reputable companies in the field of manufacturing and production of cooling power in the United States, started in 1998, and for the first time, the design of a multi-purpose cooling tower in this company has been conceived.

• CTS:

CTS is one of the most reputable manufacturers in the Middle East. It has been awarded the ISO 9001, ISO 18001 mark and various and valid standards by the American company CTI.

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Manufacturers of cooling towers in Iran

• Temperature range:

Dam Gostar Company has been operating in Mashhad since 2001 and after a short period of time, it has moved to Tehran and today it is considered the founder and innovative idea in the construction of low-consumption hybrid cooling towers. Today, with the aim of improving the quality of its products, the company has 16 cooling and power models for productivity in different climatic regions. Today, all types of cooling devices produced by Dam Gostar Company are supervised by the best quality control team (QC) and are provided to the general public.

• Radiator:

Parto Abgardger Company has started its work with the holy city of Mashhad in the production and construction of circular or conical cooling towers and today it is operating throughout Iran under the name of Tochal Ventilation of Iranians. The company is one of the most reputable and oldest manufacturers and manufacturers of cooling towers.

• Ariabnez:

Aria Beniz Company is one of the most reputable and largest manufacturers of cooling towers in Iran, which uses the knowledge of engineering to boldly be one of the top design teams for cooling and power. Ariabnews is also currently exporting to foreign countries.

• Moonlight:

Mahtab Gostar Company is one of the most reputable engineering companies in the field of air conditioning systems, especially the production and construction of cooling towers, which has 6 reputable and active branches throughout Iran to provide after-sales services.

• Is non-existent:

Nab Zist Co. is one of the top manufacturers of cooling towers in Greater Tehran and throughout Iran, and today, by producing multi-cell cooling towers, it promotes and controls the energy consumption of the cooling tower.

The main concerns of the interior builders of the cooling tower

• Preparation of quality raw materials for proper and standard production of products
• Lack of proper and standard equipment in the production line of parts and accessories for cooling tower
• Customer dissatisfaction due to the existence of many intermediaries in the sales market
• Lack of economic justification for after-sales service
• The counterfeiting and poor quality of the parts and materials used in the manufacturing process, which reduces the final quality of the product.
• Manpower inefficiency in the production sector and non-compensation of this issue by automating production due to lack of parts production equipment (due to economic sanctions)
• Design and production of cooling towers by non-specialist builders, which has led to a loss of confidence in national production and dissatisfaction of other industrial classes with the support of domestic manufacturers.
• Reducing the cost of some manufacturers and builders of cooling towers and increasing customer dissatisfaction after purchasing a cooling tower creates the attitude of reducing the cost by reducing the quality of materials by other manufacturers.

Construction and production of cooling towers

The process of building or building a cooling tower includes various parts of different parts of the construction of parts and assembling them in the cooling tower. In other words, the process of production and construction of the cooling tower is divided into three main parts. The first part involves the production of cooling tower components and the second part is related to the assembly operation, and the final part is the technical and engineering supervision (quality control).

The process of building a cooling tower must be done with great care, as this results in valuing and valuing the final quality of the equipment produced. The cooling tower has various equipments related to water supply and water supply parts and has different parts that are produced from metal, polymer or fiberglass FRP material. Most manufacturers today are trying to limit the use of metal materials in the production of interior parts of cooling towers and use high-strength materials such as fiberglass or polypropylene instead.

Due to the above, the manufacturers of cooling towers in the production and construction of cooling towers may deal with different parts of production. In fact, building a cooling tower requires technical knowledge in the field of fluid, chemical, electrical, civil and materials engineering. Electric motor is one of the parts related to electrical engineering. Therefore, a successful manufacturer in the construction of cooling towers must have a complete and experienced team of engineers in various fields.

The general steps of building a cooling tower by domestic builders

1- Manufacture of parts and accessories used in different parts such as impeller, nozzle, packing, drip trap and body components

2- Assembly and assembly of parts and equipment on the main body and frame

3- Quality control and technical supervision of the produced product in accordance with various standards and tests, including dewatering test, welding test and pressure test.

Various parts for making cooling tower parts (before assembly)

• Injection of plastic and polymer parts such as nozzle or spray nozzle, drip trap and packing media
• Shaving of metal parts from steel and aluminum materials such as round reduction (Foley) and Sprinkler (water turbine)
• Production of body parts from FRP fiberglass material with fibers and resin and using molding and manual or machine baking method
• Coil chassis welding, drip and pack holder support, fan guard or butterfly guard and butterfly and motor holder chassis at the top of the fan neck
• Construction and production of butterfly blades or cooling tower fans using extruder or hydraulic press and assembling that part is machined with the hub part and then going through the steps of static and dynamic balance of the impeller.

Cooling tower assembly

The process of assembling or finalizing a product involves placing different parts in the intended parts. In fact, the next step in supplying and producing the side components of a cooling tower is the assembly or heading of the cooling tower. This step can be done in two ways according to the necessary qualifications for transportation and installation.

• Assembly at the project site (cooling tower installation site)
• Assembly in the factory or workshop for the manufacture and production of cooling towers

Depending on the capacity and dimensions of the cooling tower, the process of assembling or building a cooling tower can be done in both cases. Generally, capacities of more than 500 tons of refrigeration in the cooling tower are assembled at the project site. Sometimes for various reasons, many manufacturers try to assemble all their products in the form of assembly and delivery to the factory door. Due to this purpose, capacities above 500 tons of refrigeration, which will be very difficult to transport and load, will be designed and produced in multi-cell.

Reasons why construction companies refuse to assemble and build cooling towers at the project site

• Lack of quality control of the technical supervision team correctly and efficiently due to the possible length of the distance
• Decreased product quality due to fatigue due to distance and assembly time on executive and assembly personnel
• Increase production time, construction, installation of cooling towers
• Increase in transportation costs, food, accommodation and staff assembly operations

Partial steps to build a cooling tower

• 1- The stage of production and payment of initial molds of fiberglass body parts
• 2- The process of molding and making fiberglass parts of the cooling tower from the mother mold
• 3- The cooking stage of fiberglass parts in front of the sun or furnace baths
• 4- Fiberglass body parts payment step with milling and polishing machine in order to polish and eliminate appearance defects in manufactured parts.
• 5- Granule material injection stage in plastic injection machines for making and producing plastic parts such as nozzles, drip trays and cooling tower packing
• 6- Shaving metal parts such as round reduction system, sprinkler, inlet and outlet flanches and hubs and impeller and fan handles
• 7- Extrusion of fan blades with fiberglass or aluminum material with airfoam cross section (Airfoil)
• 8- Cutting and welding of parts for fan, motor and power transmission system and internal parts support systems.
• 9- Glazing of metal parts such as coil support (in CCTV cooling towers), drip support, packing, pipe and nozzle
• 10. Assembly and assembly and final construction of the main body of the cooling tower consisting of fan deck, beacon (panel), panel, column and louvers
• 11- Placement and installation of side parts made in the cooling tower
• 12- Installing and tightening the belts of the power transmission section
• 13- Sealing fiberglass seams in different parts of the body and water inlet and outlet flanches
• 14- Drainage test, welding test (for coil), pressure test (for water and coil inlet pipes)
• 15. Final monitoring of the technical supervisor of Demgostar Company and elimination of possible defects caused by human errors in the production and construction of cooling towers.